目的 了解中国子宫颈癌的临床诊疗现状，聚焦系统性治疗实践。通过调研临床医师在生物标志物检测应用、制定治疗方案的考量因素及选择偏好，明确当前临床未满足需求，为诊疗规范化提供依据与参考。方法 于2025年8月至9月，采用全国线上问卷与深度访谈相结合的抽样调查，纳入300名临床医师，其中30名专家参与深度访谈，270名完成线上问卷调研。调研内容涵盖子宫颈癌患者收治情况、临床分期及病理类型分布、生物标志物检测，局部晚期、复发或转移性子宫颈癌一线和二线及后线治疗策略，对免疫检查点抑制剂（ICI）和抗体偶联药物（ADC）的临床认知与应用观念。结果 回收有效问卷270份，30名专家访谈均有效。子宫颈癌患者确诊时，早期（ⅠA1~ⅠB2期、ⅡA1期）、局部晚期（ⅠB3期、ⅡA2~ⅣA期）、复发或转移性（ⅣB）子宫颈癌占比分别为32.2%、35.8%和31.9%。病理类型以鳞癌为主（74.9%）。医师推荐75.0%的患者进行程序性死亡配体1（PD-L1）等生物标志物检测，实际检测率为53.7%。局部晚期子宫颈癌以同步放化疗（CCRT）联合或不联合ICI为首选。复发或转移性子宫颈癌一线治疗以ICI联合化疗±抗血管生成药为首选（占比71%）。二线及后线治疗，以联合方案为主（约75%），其中，既往未接受ICI治疗的患者，首选化疗联合ICI，化疗联合ICI联合抗血管生成药比例分别为37%和34%。既往接受过ICI治疗的患者，其中化疗联合ICI、化疗联合抗血管生成药首选比例分别为30%和23%；含ADC联合方案占比约30%。结论 研究揭示了中国子宫颈癌诊疗现状、生物标志物检测推荐及临床应用的差距；明确了局部晚期、复发或转移性子宫颈癌一线、二线及后线治疗的核心考量因素和方案选择，为推动诊疗规范化提供了数据支撑。

Objective To investigate the current state of clinical diagnosis and treatment for cervical cancer in China，focusing on systemic therapeutic practices. By surveying clinicians on biomarker testing applications，treatment regimen considerations and preferences，this study is aimed to identify unmet clinical needs and provide a reference for standardization of diagnosis and treatment. Methods A nationwide sampling survey combining online questionnaires and in-depth interviews was conducted from August to September 2025，involving 300 clinicians （30 experts participated in interviews，270 completed questionnaires）. The survey primarily covered the admission of cervical cancer patients，patient stage and pathology types，biomarker testing，treatment strategies for locally advanced，recurrent，or metastatic cervical cancer （including first-，second- or later-line settings）. It also covered clinicians’ insights regarding immune checkpoint inhibitors （ICI） and antibody-drug conjugates （ADC）. Results A total of 270 valid questionnaires and 30 valid expert interviews were obtained. At diagnosis，early-stage （ⅠA1-ⅠB2，ⅡA1），locally advanced （ⅠB3，ⅡA2-ⅣA），and recurrent/metastatic （ⅣB） cervical cancer （r/m CC） accounted for 32.2%，35.8%，and 31.9%，respectively. Squamous cell carcinoma was predominant （74.9%）. Among the patients，75.0% were recommended for programmed death-ligand 1 （PD-L1） and other biomarker testing，with an actual testing rate of 53.7%. For locally advanced cervical cancer，concurrent chemoradiotherapy （CCRT） with or without ICIs was the first choice. For r/m CC，first-line treatment was mainly ICI combined with chemotherapy±anti-angiogenic agents （71%）. For second- or later-line treatment，combination regimens predominated （approximately 75%）. Among patients not previously treated with ICIs，chemotherapy combined with ICIs was the first choice，with chemotherapy combined with ICIs and chemotherapy combined with anti-angiogenic agents accounting for 37% and 34% of cases，respectively. For patients with prior ICI exposure，chemotherapy combined with ICIs and chemotherapy combined with anti-angiogenic agents were the first choices at 30% and 23%，respectively；regimens containing ADCs accounted for approximately 30%. Conclusions This study reveals the current status of cervical cancer diagnosis and treatment in China，highlighting gaps in biomarker testing recommendations and clinical application. It identifies core considerations and treatment options for locally advanced and r/m CC in first-line，providing data support for advancing standardized clinical practice.