近年来，随着辅助生殖技术的发展和高龄孕产妇的增多，双胎发生率呈现增多趋势。与单胎妊娠相比，双胎妊娠母儿并发症和合并症发生率大大增加，如何做好双胎妊娠孕期管理对临床医护人员是一个重大挑战。确定绒毛膜性是影响双胎妊娠结局、制定孕期监测和管理方案的关键因素。双胎妊娠胎儿染色体及结构异常概率增加，需要做好产前筛查和产前诊断。通过孕期营养及生活方式集束化管理，可减少双胎妊娠的并发症。双胎妊娠的分娩时机及分娩方式需根据绒毛膜性、孕龄、母儿合并症及并发症情况综合评估。双胎妊娠本身不是剖宫产指征，双胎的阴道分娩需要在有孕产妇及新生儿抢救能力的三级医院进行，产科医师需具备丰富的双胎阴道助产经验。加强双胎妊娠孕期和产时管理，有助于降低其妊娠并发症和合并症的发病率，改善母儿预后。

In recent years，with the development of assisted reproductive technology and the increase in women of advanced maternal age，the incidence of twin pregnancy is increasing. Compared with singleton pregnancy，the incidence of maternal and fetal comorbidities in twin pregnancy is greatly increased. It is a great challenge for clinical medical staff to manage twin pregenancy during gestational period. Determining chorionic nature is the key factor that affecting the outcome of twin pregnancy and in making pregnancy monitoring and management plan. The probability of fetal chromosomal and structural abnormalities in twin pregnancy is increases，so prenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis are necessary. The complications of twin pregnancy can be reduced by cluster management of nutrition and lifestyle during pregnancy. The timing and mode of delivery of twin pregnancy need to be comprehensively evaluated according to chorionic nature，gestational age，maternal and fetal comorbidities and complications. Twin pregnancy itself is not an indication for cesarean section. Vaginal delivery of twins needs to be carried out in a tertiary hospital with the ability to rescue pregnant women and newborns. Obstetricians need to have rich experience in vaginal delivery of twins.Strengthening the management of twin pregnancy during gestational period and delivery is helpful to reduce the incidence of pregnancy comorbidities and improve the prognosis of mothers and fetuses.