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06 May 2020, Volume 35 Issue 5 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Interpretation of the 2018 edition of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance in Nonischemic Myocardial Inflammation: Expert Recommendations MA Shuai，YUAN Xin-yu 2020, 35(5): 329-333.  DOI: 10.19538/j.ek2020050601 Abstract ( )   In 2009，the Consensus Criteria for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance in Myocarditis-A JACC White Paper，was published and used extensively in both clinical and research areas. However，CMR tissue characterization using signal intensities has some shortcomings. The Journal of the American College of Cardiology（JACC） Scientific Expert Panel provides consensus recommendations for an update of the CMR diagnostic criteria for myocardial inflammation in patients with suspected acute or active myocardial inflammation（Lake Louise Criteria） that includes options using parametric mapping techniques. The CMR provides strong evidence for myocardial inflammation，by demonstrating the combination of myocardial edema，hyperemia and capillary leak，necrosis and fibrosis with other CMR markers of inflammatory myocardial injury. The update is expected to improve the diagnostic accuracy of CMR further in detecting myocardial inflammation.

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Paying attention to the imaging examination of non-ischemic myocardial disease in children YUAN Xin-yu*，ZHONG Yu-min，ZHENG Chun-hua，et al 2020, 35(5): 334-337.  DOI: 10.19538/j.ek2020050602 Abstract ( )   Echocardiography，cardiovascular magnetic resonance and nuclear medicine have already been the important sections in the procedure for diagnosing and evaluating the non-ischemic cardiomyopathies in children. With clinicians appreciating and using positively，the imaging techniques would not only be helpful to diagnosis and evaluation of the diseases，but also contribute to developing themselves. In practice，pediatric cardiologists should work closely with radiologists to gain the maximum benefit.

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Clinical application of magnetic resonance in cardiomyopathy in children OUYANG Rong-zhen，GUO Chen，ZHONG Yu-min 2020, 35(5): 338-343.  DOI: 10.19538/j.ek2020050603 Abstract ( )   Imaging modalities of cardiomyopathy in children currently rely on echocardiography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance（CMR）. CMR，with non-ironizing radiation，multi-parameters and multi-sequences of one-stop scanning，not only provides morphological information of cardiomyopathy，but also can perform ventricular volume，ejection fraction and other functional evaluations；it can also analyze the characteristic of myocardial tissues. It plays an important role in the diagnosis，differential diagnosis and follow-up，and is currently the best imaging method for assessing cardiomyopathy in children. The article focuses on CMR scanning standard，characteristics of magnetic resonance manifestations，and its value of clinical application.

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Application of cardiovascular magnetic resonance in pediatric myocarditis YUAN Xin-yu 2020, 35(5): 343-348.  DOI: 10.19538/j.ek2020050604 Abstract ( )   Myocarditis is the most common disease of the non-ischemic cardiomyopathies. The pathophysiologic changes of myocarditis include myocardial edema，hyperemia and capillary leakage as well as myocardial necrosis/fibrosis. Recently，the golden diagnostic criteria of myocarditis is still the endocardial biopsy（ECB）. However，it is not used broadly in clinical practice due to its invasiveness and poor sensitivity. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging（CMR） emerged as a new，non-invasive tool which has high sensitivity，specificity and accuracy for diagnosis and evaluation of myocarditis in children. T2WI，early Ga enhancement（EGE） and late Ga enhancement（LGE） comprise the key parameters which reflect the myocardial pathologies in myocarditis. The combined parameters can not only diagnose the myocarditis timely and accurately，but also contribute to the classification，staging and differing from ischemic cardiomyopathies. Furthermore，CMR is helpful for location of ECB to improve the success rate. With the development of CMR technique，the new sequences have been created，such as native T1/T2 mapping and extracellular volume（ECV），for initiating the new field for diagnosis and evaluation of pediatric myocarditis.

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Application of nuclear medicine examination in children with non-ischemic cardiomyopathy ZHAO Rui-fang 2020, 35(5): 348-350.  DOI: 10.19538/j.ek2020050605 Abstract ( )   Nuclear medical examination is a valuable auxiliary diagnostic technique for non-ischemic cardiomyopathy in children. The main examination methods include myocardial perfusion imaging（MPI） and equilibrium gated cardiac blood pool imaging. Cardiac nuclide examination has positive value in early detection of myocardial damage and cardiac function changes. Myocardial perfusion imaging can distinguish different types of cardiomyopathy and assist the diagnosis of myocarditis according to the distribution of myocardial imaging agents in myocardium, the evaluation of ventricular morphology，size，thickness of ventricular wall and the activity of diseased myocardium. Gated blood pool imaging（GBPI） can be used to measure left and right ventricular function，observe ventricular and local wall motion， evaluate the curative effect and judge the prognosis. The review discusses the clinical application of cardiac radionuclide imaging in non-ischemic cardiomyopathy.

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Application value of echocardiography in the diagnosis and treatment of pediatric cardiomyopathy BAO Min，ZHENG Chun-hua 2020, 35(5): 351-354.  DOI: 10.19538/j.ek2020050606 Abstract ( )   Pediatric cardiomyopathy is a rare disease with an annual incidence of 1 per 100 000. Dilated and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy are the most common；restricted, arrhythmogenic ventricular cardiomyopathy，left ventricular noncompaction, and mixed cardiomyopathy are rare. Although the morphology and clinical manifestations of cardiomyopathy in adults and children are similar，cardiomyopathy in children still has its own imaging and clinical characteristics. For example，when using echocardiography to evaluate children’heart，Z-values is more important，and diastolic function is difficult to access. The article focuses on the characteristics of echocardiography in the diagnosis of cardiomyopathy in children and related imaging characteristics，and compares them with those of adult cardiomyopathy.

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Multicenter and random clinical study of Huaiqihuang granule combined with inhaled corticosteroids in the treatment of bronchial asthma in children ZHAO De-yu*，LIU Hong-xia，TIAN Man，et al 2020, 35(5): 355-358.  DOI: 10.19538/j.ek2020050607 Abstract ( )   Objective　To observe the effect of Huaiqihuang granule combined with ICS（inhaled corticosteriods） in the treatment of pediatric bronchial asthma． Methods　A total of 180 children with mild persistent asthma treated in 4 hospitals between September 2016 and February 2017 in China were selected. According to admission time sequence based on random Numbers DAS 3.0 software produced by various centers， all children were randomly divided into 3 groups：group A of 60 cases（ICS+ Huaiqihuang）， group B of 60 cases（ICS） and group C of 60 cases（on-demand ICS+ Huaiqihuang）. Before and 3 months after the treatment，forced expiratory volume as a percentage of predicted value in the first second（FEV1%pred）， peak expiratory flow rate as a percentage of predicted value（PEF%pred） and exhaled nitric oxide（FeNO） were detected and compared. Results　Among 180 cases， 21cases dropped out on their own. A total of 159 cases were included in the study， including 60 cases in group A， 58 cases in group B and 41cases in group C. The FEV1%pred， PEF%pred and FeNO were improved after treatment in groups A and B（P＜0.05）. The FEV1%pred， PEF%pred and FeNO had no significant difference between before and after treatment in group C（P＞0.05）. After 3 months of treatment， the increase in FEV1%pred and PEF%pred and the decrease in FeNO were more significant in group A， and the difference was statistically significant compared with groups B and C（P＜0.05）. Compared with group C， the increase in FEV1%pred and PEF%pred and the decrease in FeNO were more significant in group B（P＜0.05）. Conclusion　Children with mild persistent asthma need long-term standardized ICS treatment， and Huaiqihuang granules combined with ICS can improve lung function and clinical symptoms of children with asthma to a greater extent.

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Influenza surveillance and analysis of hospitalized children with respiratory tract infection in Children’s Hospital of Soochow University from 2016 to 2019：A report of 742 cases YIN Rong*，WANG Ting，CHEN Zheng-rong，et al. 2020, 35(5): 359-363.  DOI: 10.19538/j.ek2020050608 Abstract ( )   Objective　To study the infection of influenza virus in children with acute respiratory tract infection（ARTI） hospitalized in Children’s Hospital of Soochow University. Methods　The infection data of influenza virus in 7322 children with acute respiratory tract infection（ARTI） hospitalized in Department of Respiratory in Children’s Hospital of Soochow University from January 2016 to December 2019 were analyzed. Influenza virus was detected by RT-PCR，and the subtypes of A/H1N1，A/H3N2，B/Victoria and B/Yamagata were identified. Results　（1）Among the 7322 cases of hospitalized children，742 cases were positive for influenza virus（10.1%）. In 2016，2017，2018 and 2019，the positive rate of influenza virus was 10.4%，8.6%，6.0% and 15.2% respectively. （2）The positive rate of influenza virus-A（6.7%） was higher than that of influenza virus-B（3.6%）. The most common was A/H1N1（45.0%），followed by B/Victoria（26.4%），A/H3N2（19.1%），B/Yamagata（7.5%） in turn. There were 4 cases of A/H1N1+B/Yamagata mixed infection and 10 cases of A/H3N2+B/Victoria mixed infection. （3）The positive rate of influenza virus in ＞3-5-years-old group was the highest（14.3%），and the second was ＞1-3-years-old group（12.0%）. The onset age of influenza virus B［38.0（13.0，56.0） months］ was older than that of influenza A virus［16.0（7.0，38.0） months］（Z =-6.456，P＜0.001）. （4）The positive rate of influenza in winter was the highest，accounting for 54.9% of the total detection rate of influenza，followed by spring（36.0%）. From December 2017 to January 2018，there was an epidemic peak. （5）Influenza virus was prone to mixed infection（64.4%）. Haemophilus influenzae（21.2%） was the most common mixed infectious pathogen，followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae（17.5%） and Mycoplasma pneumoniae（15.0%）. （6）About 95.8% of hospitalized children had influenza complicated with pneumonia. The main symptoms were fever（86.7%） and cough（98.1%），followed by digestive tract symptoms（51.5%）. Conclusion　Influenza virus is an important pathogen of respiratory tract infection in hospitalized children in Children’s Hospital of Soochow University，among which A/H1N1 subtypes are the most common. There are some differences in prevalent influenza virus subtypes in different years，seasons，months and ages. The group of three to five years old is the most common，and the incidence rate is the highest in winter. Pneumonia is the main disease manifestation，and the main clinical manifestations are fever and cough. Influenza virus is prone to mixed infection，most patients have a good prognosis，and no death occurs.

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Clinical effect of Xiyanping injection in the treatment of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children and its influence on serum inflammatory factors WU Zhen-qi*，MA Rong，WANG Xue-feng，et al 2020, 35(5): 364-367.  DOI: 10.19538/j.ek2020050609 Abstract ( )   Objective　To observe the clinical efficacy of Xiyanping injection in the treatment of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia（MPP） in children and its effect on the serum inflammatory factors. Methods　A total of 53 children with MPP admitted between September 2017 and October 2018 to Department of Pediatrics，Affiliated Hospital of Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine（TCM），were randomly selected as the disease group，and the disease group was randomly divided into the control group（27 cases）and the observation group（26 cases）. Meanwhile，15 healthy children were randomly selected as the normal group. The control group was given the conventional integrated Chinese and western medicine treatment，and the observation group was added Xiyanping injection intravenous?drip?on the basis of the treatment for the control group. The change in the total score of disease and syndrome，the effect of TCM syndrome and the changes in IFN-γ，TNF-α，IL-4，IL-17 and IL-18 inflammatory factors in serum of each group before and after treatment were compared. Results　After the treatment，the clinical symptoms and therapeutic effect of TCM in the two groups were significantly improved，but there was no significant difference between the two groups（P＞0.05）. The total scores of disease and syndrome in the two groups were decreased significantly（P＜0.05），and the scores in the observation group were better than those in the control group，but there was no significant difference（P＞0.05）. Before treatment，compared with the normal group，the serum inflammatory factors in the disease group were all increased，and the difference was statistically significant（P＜0.05）. Compared with before treatment，all inflammatory factors in the observation group and the control group were reduced after treatment，among which the differences in IFN-γ，TNF-α，IL-4 and IL-17 were statistically significant（P＜0.05）. Compared with the control group after treatment，the reduction in TNF-α，IL-4，IL-17 and IL-18 inflammatory factors was lower in the observation group after treatment，among which the difference in TNF-α，IL-4 and IL-17 was statistically significant（P＜0.05）. INF-γ level was relatively increased，but the difference was not statistically significant（P＞0.05）. Conclusion　Xiyanping injection is safe and effective in the treatment of children with MPP. It can regulate the levels of INF-γ，TNF-α，IL-4，IL-17 and IL-18 inflammatory factors in the serum of MPP children，and improve the clinical therapeutic effect by inhibiting the inflammatory response of MPP.

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Invasive pulmonary fungal disease in children: A clinical analysis of 9 cases LI Qin，AN Shu-hua，DONG Wei-ran，et al 2020, 35(5): 368-372.  DOI: 10.19538/j.ek2020050610 Abstract ( )   Objective　To explore the clinical characteristics of invasive pulmonary fungal disease in children. Methods　The clinical data of 9 children with confirmed diagnosis and clinical diagnosis of invasive pulmonary fungal disease treated in Department of Respiration，Hebei Children’s Hospital from January 2016 to September 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. Results　Three cases were diagnosed in 9 children，and 6 cases were clinically diagnosed. There were 5 cases of candidiasis infection，2 cases of aspergillosis infection，1 case of trichomonas infection and 1 case of cryptococcus neoformans infection. Seven cases had basic diseases，8 cases had fever，7 cases had cough and 1 case had hemoptysis. Five cases had positive sputum fungal culture，3 cases had positive blood fungal culture and 1 case had positive alveolar lavage fluid examination. Six cases had multiple mass or spherical hyperdense in lung CT，1 case had halo sign，1 case had diffuse miliary tuber nodule，and 1 case had diffuse merosal vitreous shadow. Fluconazole，voliconazole and amphotericin B liposomes were given for antifungal therapy，respectively. Six cases were cured clinically and 3 cases died. Conclusion　Long-term fever may be the only symptom of invasive pulmonary fungal disease；chest pain and hemoptysis have important reference value for the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary fungal disease. The characteristics of lung CT in invasive pulmonary fungal disease are different from those in bacterial and viral pneumonia，and most of them are multiple masses and spherical nodules. Similar miliary tuberculosis can be seen in the lung CT of cryptococcus neoformans pneumonia.

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Analysis of age-dependent changes in routine immunological indicators of refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children LIU Li-pin，HOU Jia，WANG Ying，et al 2020, 35(5): 373-378.  DOI: 10.19538/j.ek2020050611 Abstract ( )   Objective　To analyze the changes in routine immunological indicators of refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia（RMPP） by controlling age factors. Methods　A retrospective analysis was performed for the routine immunological indicators of 120 children with MPP admitted between January 2016 and December 2019 in Children’s Hospital of Fudan University. Compared to the reference values of peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets of healthy children in different age and sex groups in China，the 120 children were divided to normal or abnormal group，and the abnormal group was further divided as decreased group or increased group. The differences of changes in lymphocyte subsets between general Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia（GMPP） and RMPP children were compared. Results　The proportion of children with abnormal lymphocyte subsets in the RMPP group is higher than that in the GMPP group. There were significant differences between the two groups in the percentage of CD3+，CD19+，and NK lymphocytes subsets（P＜ 0.05）. The majority of children in both groups showed a decrease in lymphocyte counts，absolute counts of CD3+，CD4+，CD8+，and NK lymphocytes. The authors further analyzed the children with decreased lymphocyte subsets in the two groups and found significant differences in CD3+ and NK cell counts，the percentage of CD3+，NK and CD4+ cells，and CD4+/CD8+ between the two groups（P＜0.05）. There was no significant difference in serum immunoglobulin（IgA，IgM，IgG，IgE） levels in each group（P＞ 0.05）. Conclusion　T cells and NK cells play an important role in the inflammatory response to MPP，and CD4+ cells and NK cells are related to the severity of MPP，which may be one of the pathogenic mechanisms of RMPP.

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Study on the correlation between environmental endocrine disruptors and the clinical features and outcome of isolated premature thelarche in infants YANG Yu*，GONG Xiang-ling，LU Qing-hong，et al 2020, 35(5): 379-382.  DOI: 10.19538/j.ek2020050612 Abstract ( )   Objective　To investigate the correlation between environmental endocrine disruptors（EDCs）［bisphenol A（BPA），diethyl phthalate（DEP），4-nonylphenol（4- NP） and diethylhexyl phthalate（DEHP）］ and the clinical features and outcome of isolated premature thelarche（IPT） in female infants. Methods　A total of 62 cases of female infants less than 2 years old with IPT admitted to Department of Endocrinology，Metabolism and Genetics，Jiangxi Provincial Children’s Hospital，from 2015 to 2016 were recruited and followed up for 2 years，and 30 cases of healthy female infants with normal physical examination were recruited as control group，to observe the correlation between serum BPA，DEP，4-NP and DEHP level and the clinical characteristics and outcome. Results　The study showed that compared with the control group，the estrogen levels and serum levels of four EDCs were statistically different in IPT group. According to the results of follow-up outcome，the IPT group was divided into complete regression group（33 cases，53.2%） and incomplete group（29 cases，46.7%），but there was no statistical difference in EDCs content between the regression group and the non-elimination group. Conclusion　IPT can not regress completely on its own，exposure of environmental endocrine disruptors may be the cause of IPT，and the specific mechanism remains to be further studied.

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Study of event-related potentials P300 latency in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder FENG Shuo，LIU Xiao-yu，ZHANG Ye，et al 2020, 35(5): 383-386.  DOI: 10.19538/j.ek2020050613 Abstract ( )   Objective　To investigate the characteristics of event-related potentials（ERP） P300 in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder（ADHD）. Methods　A total of 145 children aged 6 to 18 years with ADHD admitted between January 1，2012 and June 23，2018 to Affiliated Children’s Hospital，Capital Institute of Pediatrics，were tested with visual Odball random stimulation sequence to determine the ERP P300 latency and to analyze the age，gender，and abnormal site characteristics of ERP P300 in children with ADHD. Results　The abnormal rate of event-related potential in children with ADHD group was 37.2%. The abnormal rate of P300 in the event-related sites of male patients with ADHD was 41.6%，and the abnormal rate of event-related potential P300 in female children with ADHD was 21.9%. The male patients were significantly higher than the female，with statistically significant differences（P＝0.042）. By grouping based on genders and ages，the abnormal rate of event-related potentials was compared，and no abnormality of event-related potentials P300 was found，which was related to age. The ERP P300 abnormalities in the ADHD group were mainly concentrated in the apical midline point（Pz），totally 14 cases，accounting for 25.9%；the midline point，the central midline point and the top midline point（Fz，Cz，Pz） had abnormalities，totally 12 cases，accounting for 22.2%. Conclusion　There are significantly more males with abnormal events-related potentials in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder than female. In children with ADHD，the abnormal event-related potential P300 is concentrated at the Pz point，that is，the abnormality of the parietal lobe is the most prominent，suggesting that the abnormal function of parietal lobe in brain network connection may be the core of ADHD anatomy biology.

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Diagnosis and treatment of rheumatic carditis in children: A report of 136 cases ZHAO Zhi-hui，GAO Lu，YUAN Yue，et al 2020, 35(5): 387-390.  DOI: 10.19538/j.ek2020050614 Abstract ( )   Objective　To summarize the clinical characteristics of rheumatic carditis and evaluate the structure and function of the heart before and after treatment with color Doppler ultrasound. Methods　The clinical characteristics of 136 children with rheumatic carditis admitted between October 2007 and April 2019 to Beijing Children’s Hospital，Capital Medical University，were summarized retrospectively. Cardiac structural ultrasound was used to evaluate the changes of cardiac structure before and 6 months after treatment，and the effect of anti-rheumatic treatment was analyzed. Results　The clinical symptoms of children with rheumatic carditis were partially atypical. Cardiac ultrasound showed that valve regurgitation was the most common（86.0%），followed by enlarged heart（34.6%），and pericardial effusion was rare（0.7%）. There were significant differences in mitral，aortic，and tricuspid valve regurgitation before and after treatment，and the differences were statistically significant（P＜0.05）. In children with left ventricular enlargement the difference in left ventricular end diastolic diameter before and after treatment was statistically significant（P＜0.05）. Aortic valve stenosis and aortic valve prolapse did not change significantly before and after treatment. Conclusion　In children with rheumatic carditis after early anti-rheumatic and symptomatic treatment，valvular regurgitation can be reduced compared to before. The enlarged heart can be reduced compared to before，and the ejection fraction of most children with reduced ejection fraction is increased. The pericardial effusion disappears，but most valve stenosis and prolapse dose not improve significantly.

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Impacts of evidence-based practice for improving clinical quality on clinical outcomes of premature in Department of Neonatology XIANG Ling-ling，SHAO Shi-qi，HUA Zi-yu 2020, 35(5): 391-396.  DOI: 10.19538/j.ek2020050615 Abstract ( )   Objective　To evaluate the efficacy of evidence-based practice for improving quality（EPIQ），based on the research about the interventions’ improvements impacting on the clinical outcomes of patients in Neonatal Intensive Care Units（NICUs）. Methods　Databases searched included Pubmed，Cochrane，Embase，Wanfang，VIP and China National Knowledge Infrastructure（CNKI） between January 1，2002 and June 1，2019 using a forest plot of odds ratios（ORs） with a summary OR estimated and a random-effects model. Results　Five articles from Pubmed and Cochrane were enrolled. Further analysis showed post-EPIQ implementation NICUs had relatively lower morbidity rates in nosocomial infection（NI）（OR＝0.61，95%CI：0.46-0.81），severe retinopathy of premature（ROP）（OR＝0.72，95%CI：0.60-0.85），comparing with pre-EPIQ implementation or non-EPIQ NICUs. No statistically significant difference was found in morbidity of bronchopulmonary dysphasia（BPD），severe neurologic injury and necrotizing enterocolitis（NEC），and mortality of preterms. Conclusion　EPIQ implementation can significantly improve clinical outcomes of preterm newborns in Department of Neonatology，as well as confirmed corresponding practice changes.

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Analysis of the results of pulmonary function tests in children with connective tissue disease：A report of 70 cases HOU Ling，JIN Jin，DU Yue 2020, 35(5): 397-400.  DOI: 10.19538/j.ek2020050616 Abstract ( )   Objective　To assess pulmonary function status and provide evidence for treatment and follow-up in children with connective tissue disease（CTD）. Methods　A total of 35 children（10 boys，25 girls） treated in Department of Pediatrics，Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University between December 2017 and December 2019 were included in the study. Routine test was made in pulmonary ventilatory function and diffusing function of carbon monoxide，and compared with 25 age-matched healthy controls（9 boys，16 girls）. SPSS 18.0 software was used to analyze these data statistically. Results　A total of 19 cases（54.29%） of abnormal pulmonary function were in the study group. There were 17 cases（48.57%） of ventilatory defect. Restrictive ventilatory defect was in 5 cases（14.29%），obstructive ventilatory defect was in 5 cases（14.29%），restrictive and obstructive ventilatory defect was in 2 cases（5.71%），and pure small airways dysfunction was in 5 cases（14.29%）. Reduced diffusing lung capacity for carbon monoxide was in 8 cases（22.86%），in which 6 cases（17.14%） were combined with coexisted ventilatory or abnormal small airways flow，and 2 cases（5.71%）had decreased diffusing lung capacity. The parameters of pulmonary function tests（VCmax，TLC，FVC，FEV1，FEV1/FVC，PEF，FEF50，FEF75，DLCOSB） were significantly lower in CTD than in control group. Conclusion　Pulmonary function impairment is relatively severe in children with CTD. Restrictive and obstructive ventilatory defect are both common. Small airways flow limitation and decreased diffusing lung capacity for carbon monoxide maybe an early marker of lung involvement. CTD children require a prompt and systematic pulmonary function tests.

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Clinical diagnostic ways of congenital anomalous coronary artery causing myocardial ischemia in children CHEN Xin-yue，WANG Yong-mei，DING Wen-hong 2020, 35(5): 401-405.  DOI: 10.19538/j.ek2020050617 Abstract ( )

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Research progress in the treatment of epilepsy in children with lacosamide HE Huan，XIAO Nong 2020, 35(5): 406-410.  DOI: 10.19538/j.ek2020050618 Abstract ( )

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Progress in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension based on catheter technology CHEN Rui, LYU Tie-wei 2020, 35(5): 411-413.  DOI: 10.19538/j.ek2020050619 Abstract ( )

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Neonatal harlequin color change treated with hypothermia：A reort of 1 case LIANG Ping, WANG Hua, LIU Han-min 2020, 35(5): 414-416.  DOI: 10.19538/j.ek2020050620 Abstract ( )