Abstract: Tic disorder （TD） is a neurodevelopmental disorder that begins in childhood, characterized by repetitive and stereotyped movements or vocalizations. Anxiety disorders （AD） are primarily marked by feelings of anxiety and fear, while depressive disorder （DD） is characterized by persistent low mood and loss of interest. Early screening and comorbidity identification of anxiety and depressive symptoms in children with TD facilitate the implementation of precision interventions to improve clinical outcomes. This review systematically examines the epidemiology, etiology, clinical characteristics, and therapeutic interventions for TD comorbid with AD and DD, aiming to explore more effective management strategies to improve the quality of life and social functioning of children with TD.

Key words: tic disorder, comorbidity, anxiety, depression, early identification, early intervention

摘要： 抽动障碍（TD）是一种儿童期起病的神经发育障碍，表现为重复、刻板的运动或发声。焦虑障碍（AD）主要特征为焦虑和恐惧，抑郁障碍（DD）表现为情绪低落和兴趣减退。对TD患儿焦虑及抑郁症状的早期筛查与共病识别，有助于实施精准干预以改善临床预后。文章阐述TD共患AD和DD的流行病学、病因、临床特征及治疗干预，以探索更有效的管理策略，从而提升TD患儿的生活质量和社会功能。

关键词: 抽动障碍, 共患病, 焦虑障碍, 抑郁障碍, 早期识别, 早期干预