Abstract:

Medical education after graduation is the necessary step for each medical graduate to become an independent practitioner. The present medical education system or standardized residency training system in China is similar to that of the United States and Canada. This system is designed to ensure that all trained physicians are competent in practicing medicine in their trained medical specialties. The article briefly summarizes the current status of the pediatric residency and neonatal-perinatal medicine fellowship training system in the United States. The critical roles of the American Board of Pediatrics and the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education are also presented.

Key words: graduate medical education, standardized residency training, pediatrics, neonatal-perinatal medicine

摘要：

毕业后医学教育是所有临床医师在医学院毕业后走上独立行医之前必须要经过的一个阶段。中国目前推行的毕业后医学教育是借鉴和参考了美国加拿大等发达国家多年来实行的临床执业医生培养体系，其目的是建立一套培训制度来保证所有的临床执业医师都达到并维持一定的行医水准。在此，文章简单介绍了美国儿科住院医师及新生儿-围生期医学专科医师规范化培训体系及现状，并阐述了美国儿科专业委员会和毕业后医学教育认证委员会的重要作用。

关键词: 毕业后医学教育, 住院医师规范化培训, 儿科, 新生儿-围生期医学