Abstract:

Objective　To investigate clinical characteristics of children with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome （POTS）. Methods　

One hundred and nine children aged （11.79±2.55） years who were diagnosed with POTS by standing test or head-up tilt test in the clinics

were selected as POTS group. Twenty healthy children aged （11.55±3.65） years served as control group. History collection and physical

examination were done for every POTS child.  Clinical characteristics of POTS children were summarized by comparing the two groups. Results　

There were no statistical differences between POTS children and healthy children in age， sex ratio， height， body weight， supine heart

rate and supine mean arterial pressure between the two groups. About 52.3% POTS children took syncope as major symptoms. About 42.2% of them

experienced frequent episodes （> 10）. The symptoms were most likely to occur in summer and autumn （42.1%） among seasons and in the

daytime （56.0%） during a day. The most common trigger of symptoms was prolonged standing （50.5%）. Eighteen cases had their OI symptoms

accompanied by seizures or some other symptoms. And fatigue was the most common feeling after the episodes. Ninety children （82.6%） had

healthy past history. Forty-six cases had motion sickness （42.2%）. POTS children were more likely to take light diets and less water

compared with healthy children. About 27.6% POTS children had family history of OI symptoms. Conclusion　Children with POTS are usually in

school-age or adolescent period and have a high incidence of syncope. Their symptoms mostly occurr in summer and autumn. Prolonged standing，

postual change， mental tension and infection was common triggers. Some of the POTS children have family history and experience of motion

sickness.

Key words: children；orthostatic intolerance；postural tachycardia syndrome.

摘要：

探讨儿童体位性心动过速综合征（POTS）的临床特点。方法　2008年5月至2009年10月于北京大学第一医院儿科门诊就诊，经直立试验或直立倾斜试验确诊POTS的患儿109例（POTS组），平均年龄（11.79±2.55）岁；20名健康儿童为对照组，平均年龄（11.55±3.65）岁。对每例POTS患儿详细询问病史并进行体格检查，对比分析两组儿童在生活习惯、家族史及体质特征方面特点，总结POTS组患儿发病的临床特征。结果　与对照组相比，POTS组患儿在性别比例、年龄、身高、体重、平卧心率、平均动脉压方面差异无统计学意义。POTS患儿主要症状以晕厥多见（52.3%），42.2％症状发作频繁（就诊时 > 10次），主要症状发生季节以夏秋季多见（42.1%）， 发作持续时间多在1 min以内（29%）。83.5%患儿发作前有诱因，发作诱因以持久站立为多见（50.5%），发作前多伴有先兆症状（78.0%），其中以头晕、黑矇、大汗、面色苍白最为常见。18例（16.5%）患儿有伴随症状，32例（29.4%）发作后仍有不适，以乏力最常见（24例）。90例（82.6%）患儿无既往疾病史，30例（27.6%）有直立不耐受家族史，46例（42.2%）有晕车经历。POTS组清淡饮食者居多（41.3%），水摄入较少（63.3%）。结论　儿童POTS多发生于学龄期及青春期，晕厥发生率较高，发作季节以夏秋季多见，持久站立、体位改变、精神紧张以及感染为常见诱因。部分患儿有直立不耐受家族史，且易伴有晕车经历。

关键词: 儿童；直立不耐受；体位性心动过速综合征