Abstract: Objective　To explore the relation of attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder with sleep disorder in children. Methods　 In Changsha 1736 children at the age of 6～12 years were randomly selected among the 5 districts.Their parents completed the questionnaires about children’s sleep condition and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder. Results　In the 1736 children， the incidence rate of sleep disorder was 31.9%. The group of sleep disorder had attention deficit for 21.7%， hyperactivity disorder for 13.7%， day drowsiness for 35.9% ，and all the numbers were more than 13.0% ， 7.9%， 24.7% of non-sleep disorder group（P＜0.001）. Behavior problem was related to snore frequency； the attention deficit incidence rate for usual snoring group was 31.3%， more than 8.8% of non-snore group and 9.9% of occasional snore group（P＜0.05）. In the score for sleep disordered breathing， the attention deficit incidence rate of high score groups was 19.2%～26.2%， and the hyperactivity disorder rate of the highest group was 16.2%， obviously more than other low score groups ： 10.9%～ 12.3%， 5.7%～8.3%（P＜0.01）. Sex differences existed between the incidence rate of sleep disorder and attention deficit， and hyperactivity disorder， male being more than female（P＜0.01）. Conclusion　In children a series of behavior problems such as attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder are related to sleep disorders， so it’s essential to pay close attention to their sleep conditions in children with attention deficit and hyperactivity disorders.

Key words: attention deficit, hyperactivity disorder

摘要： 探讨儿童注意缺陷、多动冲动等行为问题与睡眠障碍（SD）的关系。方法　2006年6月至2007年4月在长沙市5个行政辖区随机抽取1736名6～12岁儿 童，对受试儿童的家长进行睡眠状况和注意缺陷多动障碍症状问卷调查。结果　1736名儿童中SD发生率为31.9%。SD组注意缺陷发生率为21.7%、多动冲动13.7%、 白天嗜睡35.9%，均较非SD组13.0%、7.9%、24.7%高（P＜0.01）。行为问题与打鼾的频度有关，经常打鼾组的注意缺陷发生率为31.3%，高于从不打鼾组及偶尔打 鼾组（分别为13.9%、16.2%，P＜0.01）；多动冲动的发生率为18.2%，亦高于从不打鼾组及偶尔打鼾组（分别为8.8%、9.9%，P＜0.05）。在SD的评分中，注意缺 陷发生率高分组达19.2%～26.2%，明显高于其他低分组的10.9%～12.3%（P＜0.01）；多动冲动最高分组为16.2%，亦比低分组的5.7%～8.3%为高（P＜0.01）。SD 、注意缺陷及多动冲动的发生率均存在性别差异，以男性为高（P＜0.01）。结论　儿童注意缺陷多动障碍等行为问题与SD相关，对出现注意缺陷多动障碍症状的 儿童，有必要关注其睡眠状况。

关键词: 睡眠障碍, 注意缺陷, 多动冲动