Abstract: AbstractObjectiveA crosssectional epidemiological study was conducted to assess the prevalence and characteristics of distribution of mental retardation (MR) among children under 7 years old. MethodsThe study adopted sampling method by 2phase cluster stratified;the DQ was evaluated with standardized Gesell developmental schedule. ResultsA total of 267 children were found among the children of 28682,the rate being 931,of which 760 in city and 10.37 in countryside.The prevalence in male was higher than that in female,and it increased with age.The percentage of mild,moderate,severe and profound of MR was 6554%、2097%、599% and 749% respectively. ConclusionThe prevention and treatment of mild MR should be a priority and the rural areas should be paied more attention.It is imperative to establish a MR surveillance program in Beijing the experience of the developed countries.

Key words: Children , Prevalence

摘要： 目的了解北京市0~6岁儿童视力、听力、肢体、智力、精神残疾的现患率及其分布特征，重点考察智力低下儿童(残疾)的现患及分布特点。方法200307—200411北京市残疾人联合会、北京市卫生局联合组织采用概率比例、二阶段分层整群抽样的方法进行现况调查，使用丹佛发育筛查测验及Gesell发育诊断量表进行智力筛查和诊断，采用SPSS100软件对数据进行统计分析。 结果北京市0~6岁儿童智力低下现患率为931‰，城市为760‰，农村1037‰，男童(1124‰)高于女童(725‰)(χ2=1242，P<001)，现患率有随年龄增长而增高的趋势(趋势χ2=2358，df=6,P<001)，智力低下严重程度构成分别为轻度6554%、中度2097%、重度599%、极重度749%。 结论北京市儿童智力低下的防治应以轻度类型为主，重点在农村地区；北京市需结合世界发达国家的经验，建立自己的智力低下监测、防治体系。

关键词: 智力低下, 现患率, 儿童