Abstract: Rheumatoid immune diseases in children are a kind of chronic disease with a wide population，long disease course and complex pathogenesis，involving multiple organs and systems. Glucocorticoids，non- steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs，immunosuppressants，and biological agents are widely used in the treatment of such diseases. But significant differences in efficacy and adverse reactions are demonstrated in the whole population. In clinical practice，in order to achieve precise treatment for individual patient，the gene polymorphism and the features of growth and development must be considered in addition to the disease status and the pharmacokinetics of the drug. Pharmacogenomics provides a theoretical evidence for the individualized drug treatment for rheumatic diseases in children.

Key words: pharmacogenomics, immunological diseases, drug treatment, individualized therapy, precise medication

摘要： 儿童风湿免疫性疾病是一类发病人群广泛、病程长、发病机制复杂的慢性疾病，累及多个器官和系统。非甾体类抗炎药、糖皮质激素、免疫抑制剂以及生物制剂等药物广泛用于此类疾病，这些治疗药物的疗效及不良反应具有显著的个体差异。临床实践中为达到患儿个体化药 物治疗，除了疾病状态、药物本身药代动力学，还需结合基因多态性、生长发育阶段特性等因素。药物基因组学为风湿免疫性疾病患儿个体化药物治疗提供理论依据。

关键词: 药物基因组学, 免疫性疾病, 药物治疗, 个体化治疗, 精准用药