中国实用儿科杂志 ›› 2023, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (12): 948-952.DOI: 10.19538/j.ek2023120615

• 综述 • 上一篇    下一篇

结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染筛查方法研究进展

  

  1. 天津市儿童医院(天津大学儿童医院)  天津市儿童出生缺陷防治重点实验室,天津  300134
  • 出版日期:2023-12-06 发布日期:2023-12-13
  • 通讯作者: 徐勇胜,电子信箱:xxyyss@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    天津市科技计划项目(21JCYBJC00430);天津市医学重点学科(专科)建设项目资助(TJYXZDXK-040A)

Research progress on screening methods for latent tuberculosis infection

  1. Tianjin Children’s Hospital (Children’s Hospital,Tianjin University),Tianjin Key Laboratory of Birth Defects for Prevention and Treatment,Tianjin  300134,China
  • Online:2023-12-06 Published:2023-12-13

摘要: 结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染(latent tuberculosis infection, LTBI)是结核感染的一种特殊状态,有5%~10%会进展为活动性结核病(active tuberculosis, ATB),高危人群的风险更高,尽早进行LTBI筛查并积极干预是防止发生结核病并传播的重要举措。探索LTBI有效筛查方法是当前研究热点,结核菌素皮肤试验(tuberculin skin test, TST)和γ-干扰素释放试验(interferon-gamma release assay, IGRA)是目前应用最普遍的方法。近年来,新研发皮肤试验及QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus test(QFT-Plus)等新方法不断问世,潜伏期特异性相关抗原、细胞因子、结核抗体检测,以及转录组学等也在寻找结核分枝杆菌(mycobacterium tuberculosis, MTB)从潜伏状态转变为活动性感染的证据中展现出良好的潜能。文章就LTBI的筛查方法作一综述。

关键词: 结核分枝杆菌潜伏感染, 活动性结核病, 筛查方法

Abstract: Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is a specific condition of tuberculosis infection, about 5%~10% will progress to active tuberculosis (ATB), and high-risk groups are at higher risk. Early screening and active intervention for LTBI is essential to prevent tuberculosis occurrence and transmission. Exploring effective screening methods for LTBI has become a research hotspot at present, and tuberculin skin test(TST) and interferon-gamma release assay(IGRA) are the most commonly used methods. In recent years, new approaches such as skin tests and QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus test(QFT-Plus) have been developed, and latency-associated M.tuberculosis antigens, cytokines, tuberculin antibodies detection, and metabolomics have shown excellent potential in searching for evidence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB) transitioning from latency to active infection. This article reviews the screening methods for LTBI.

Key words: latent tuberculosis infection, active tuberculosis, screening methods