中国实用儿科杂志

中国实用儿科杂志 ›› 2012, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (4): 300-302.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

哮喘患儿吸入糖皮质激素治疗5年后
过敏原变化观察

汤正珍，郑跃杰，王和平，宋    萍，刘晓莉，刘    萍，白大明，王    莉   

  1. 深圳市儿童医院（第一作者现工作于遵义市第一人民医院，贵州遵义    563002），广东深圳    518026
  • 出版日期:2012-04-06 发布日期:2012-04-16

Allergen sensitization changes in asthmatic children receiving inhaled corticosteroid therapy for five years.   

  • Online:2012-04-06 Published:2012-04-16

摘要：

目的    了解哮喘患儿吸入糖皮质激素（ICS）治疗5年后的过敏原变化情况。方法    对2003—2004年在深圳市儿童医院哮喘门诊登记且登记时均行皮肤点刺实验（SPT）并给予ICS治疗的133例哮喘患儿，进行现场回顾性调查。现场调查包括填写调查表和复查SPT。 结果    133例哮喘患儿完成了5年前后的2次SPT检测，5年前121例（91%）SPT阳性，12例（9%）SPT阴性；5年后133例中119例（89.5%）SPT检测阳性，14例（10.5%）SPT阴性，与5年前比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。5年后吸入性过敏原和食物过敏原的阳性率均无明显变化，但蟑螂和树花粉明显增加（P＞0.05），牛奶、鸡蛋明显减少（P＞0.05）。结论    哮喘患儿5年后过敏率变化不大，吸入性过敏有所增加，食物过敏有减少趋势。屋尘螨和粉尘螨仍然是主要过敏原。ICS治疗与否对过敏情况无明显影响。

关键词: 哮喘, 儿童, 过敏原, 变化

Abstract:

Objective    To assess the allergen sensitization changes in asthmatic children receiving inhaled corticosteroid （ICS） therapy for 5 years. Methods    The retrospective study was carried out in 133 asthmatic children receiving treatment of ICS from 2003-2004 in Shenzhen Children’s Hospital. The patients were assessed by  questionnaire and skin prick tests （SPT）.Results    Totally 133 patients finished the SPT before and after five years. The positive rate of SPT in 133 cases was 91% before five years，which was not significantly different（P > 0.05）from that of  the patients （89.5%）after five years . There was no significant increase in food and inhalant hypersensitivity  （P > 0.05），but Cockroach and Tree-pollen increased obviously，and milk and eggs were reduced significantly.Conclusions    Allergen sensitization changes in asthmatic children received inhaled corticosteroid therapy for five years are small.Inhalant allergens increase obviously， but the tendency of food hypersensitivity is reduced.Dermatophagoldes pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farina are still the main allergen.

Key words: asthma, children, allergen , changes