中国实用儿科杂志

中国实用儿科杂志 ›› 2012, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (3): 209-211.

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

儿童感音神经性耳聋20例内耳多层螺旋
CT特征及应用分析

霍    亮，史贻芳，王    华   

  1. 中国医科大学附属盛京医院小儿神经内科，沈阳 110004
  • 出版日期:2012-03-06 发布日期:2012-04-16

Characteristics and application of inner ear CT for sensorineural hearing loss in children.

  • Online:2012-03-06 Published:2012-04-16

摘要：

目的    探讨儿童感音神经性耳聋（SNHL）内耳多层螺旋CT（MSCT）特点及其对诊断的价值。方法    选取2008年1月至2010年12月中国医科大学附属盛京医院经脑干听觉诱发电位（BAER）诊断儿童SNHL患儿65例，均行内耳MSCT扫描，然后行冠状面多平面重建（MPR）。结果    20例（33只耳，45例次）存在内耳畸形，其中12只耳多种畸形并存，包括耳蜗畸形伴内耳道畸形5只耳；耳蜗畸形伴前庭导水管扩大3只耳；前庭畸形伴内耳道畸形2只耳；半规管畸形伴前庭导水管扩大1只耳；内耳道畸形伴前庭导水管扩大1只耳。45例次畸形中耳蜗畸形10例次［包括Michel型1例次、共同腔畸形2例次、耳蜗未发育1例次、耳蜗发育不全1例次、不完全分隔Ⅰ型2例次、不完全分隔Ⅱ型（Mondini畸形）3例次］、前庭畸形7例次、半规管畸形5例次、内耳道畸形8例次、前庭导水管扩大15例次。结论    根据MSCT检查结果显示多数SNHL患儿存在内耳畸形。内耳横断面MSCT扫描和冠状面MPR可对儿童先天性SNHL内耳畸形进行全面评估，从而为进一步指导治疗及预后提供有力依据。

关键词: 感音神经性耳聋, 儿童, 内耳, 多层螺旋CT

Abstract:

Objective    To evaluate the characteristics of inner ear multi-slice computed tomography （MSCT） in pediatric sensorineural hearing loss （SNHL） and feasibility and usability of diagnosis of SNHL. Methods    Sixty-five patients have been diagnosed with sensorineural hearing loss （SNHL） by Brainstem Auditory Evoked Response （BAER）. Inner ear MSCT scan and coronal multiplanar reformation （MPR） reconstruction were done in all cases. Results    This study showed that 20 cases （33 ears，45 case times） were with inner ear malformations and 12 ears with two different malformations， including 5 ears with cochlear and internal auditory canal （IAC） malformations， 3 ears with cochlear and vestibular malformations， 2 ears with vestibular and IAC malformations， 1 ear with semicircular canal and vestibular malformations， 1 ear with internal auditory canal and IAC malformations； 10 ears with cochlear malformations in 45 cases［including 1 ear with Michel deformity， 2 ears with common cavity deformity， 1 ear with cochlear aplasia， 1 ear with hypoplastic cochlear， 2 ears with incomplete partition types I （IP-I） and 3 ears with incomplete partition types II （IP-II） （Mondini deformity）］，7 ears with vestibular malformations， 5 ears with semicircular canal malformations， 8 ears with internal auditory canal malformations， and 15 ears with vestibular malformations. Conclusion    The study shows most children with SNHL have inner ear malformations by MSCT. The inner ear MSCT scan in axial view with 2D MPR for coronal view allows a comprehensive assessment of various congenital ear malformations and provides powerful evidence for further direct therapy and prognosis.

Key words: sensorineural hearing loss, children, inner ear, multi-slice computed tomography