中国实用儿科杂志

中国实用儿科杂志

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我国小于胎龄儿现状分析

中华医学会儿科学分会新生儿学组　王庆红1，杨于嘉1，魏克伦2，杜立中3执笔   

  1. 1.中南大学湘雅医院儿科，湖南长沙　410008；2. 中国医科大学附属盛京医院儿科，辽宁沈阳　110004；3. 浙江大学附属儿童医院，浙江杭州
  • 收稿日期:2009-01-12 修回日期:2009-02-16 出版日期:2009-03-06 发布日期:2009-03-06
  • 通讯作者: 王庆红

Current situation investigation and analysis of SGA in China.

WANG Qing-hong， YANG Yu-jia， WEI Ke-lun， DU Li-zhong.   

  1. The Subspecialty Group of Neonatology， Pediatric Society， Chinese Medical Association.
  • Received:2009-01-12 Revised:2009-02-16 Online:2009-03-06 Published:2009-03-06

摘要： 研究我国小于胎龄儿（SGA）的现状。方法　调研我国22个省、自治区、直辖市的86所医院提供的2005 - 01 - 01 T 00:00:00至2005 - 12 - 31 T 00:00:00出院的产科出生的新生儿（45 014例）中SGA的发生率，总结分析该86所医院新生儿科住院患儿（54 466例）中SGA的临床资料。结果　（1）产科出生的 新生儿中SGA 的发生率为6.61 %，其中早产儿中SGA发生率（13.10 %）高于足月儿（6.05 %）；（2）新生儿科住院患儿中SGA的比例为9.19 %；（3）SGA中窒息 、呼吸窘迫综合征（RDS） 、肺出血、呼吸暂停、缺氧缺血性脑病（HIE）、胃潴留、消化道出血、坏死性小肠结肠炎（NEC）、寒冷损伤综合征、先天畸形的构 成比高于适于胎龄儿（AGA）和大于胎龄儿（LGA）；（4）在SGA的转归中，治愈、好转率分别为57.47 %和27.41 %， 自动出院占13.17 %，病死率为1.95 %。其 中SGA病死率明显高于AGA和LGA， 而治愈好转率（84.88 %）则明显低于AGA 和LGA。 结论　我国新生儿科住院患儿中SGA的患病率和病死率较高，加强围生期监 测和干预以减少SGA发生、积极防治SGA并发症仍是我国目前围产工作的重点。

关键词: 小于胎龄儿, 适于胎龄儿, 新生儿

Abstract: Objective　To investigate the current situation of small for gestational age infants （ SGA ） in China. Methods　The data were from the 86 hospitals in 22 provinces of China. A retrospective investigation was carried out in 45 014 cases from Obstetric Departments and 54 466 cases from newborn nursery between Jan. 1 and Dec. 31 of 2005. Results　（1） The incidence of SGA was 6.61% in 2005， in which the incidence of SGA in preterms （13.10 %） is higher than full terms （6.05 %）. （2） The number of SGA accounted for 9.19 % of hospitalized neonates in newborn nursery.（3） The ratio of asphyxia， RDS，pulmonary hemorrhage， apnea， HIE， gastric retention， alimentary tract hemorrhage， NEC， cold injury， and congenital malformation in SGA were higher than in appropriate for gestational age （AGA） and large for gestational age infants （LGA）. （4） About 57.47 % of hospitalized neonates were cured， 27.41 % were improved and 1.95 % died. The mortality of SGA was higher than AGA and LGA， and the rate of cure and improvement was lower than AGA and LGA. Conclusion 　The mobidity and mortality of SGA are still high in China. Perinatal monitoring and intervention should be enhanced in our country.

Key words: appropriate for gestational age（AGA）, newborn