中国实用内科杂志

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低钠血症诊疗中问题和处理经验

陈适顾锋   

  1. 作者单位:中国医学科学院 北京协和医学院 北京协和医院内分泌科 卫生部内分泌重点实验室,北京 100730
  • 出版日期:2014-04-01 发布日期:2014-04-03
  • 通讯作者: 顾锋

The important problems and experience in diagnosis and treatment of hyponatremia.

CHEN ShiGU Feng   

  1. Department of Endocrinology,Key Laboratory of Endocrinology,Ministry of Health Peking Union Medical College Hospital,Chinese Academe of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100730,China
  • Online:2014-04-01 Published:2014-04-03

摘要:

低钠血症是临床最常见的电解质紊乱之一,它也是内分泌会诊的常见疾病。血钠水平与低钠血症的症状间关系密切。抗利尿激素分泌失调综合征和脑性失盐综合征常需鉴别,它们都表现为低钠血症,但脑性失盐综合征患者尿量常较大,体液容量不足,抗利尿激素分泌失调综合征患者体液容量通常无明显不足。低钠血症的治疗将血钠纠正至130 mmol/L左右即可,24 h血钠升高不要超过10~12 mmol/L。血钠纠正过快容易引起渗透性脱髓鞘病变。V2受体拮抗剂治疗抗利尿激素分泌失调综合征时应从小量开始,且不能严格限水。

关键词: 低钠血症, 电解质紊乱, 脑性失盐综合征

Abstract:

Abstract:Hyponatremia is one of the most common electrolyte disorder,which is also a common disease in endocrine consultation.The symptom is correlated with the level of sodium.Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) should differentiated from cerebral salt wasting syndrome(CSWS)with the total body volume.The target of the treatment is to correct the level of sodium to 130 mmol/L and it is corrected slowly in order to lessen the chance of the development of Osmotic Demyelination Syndrome,the serum sodium is not allowed to rise by more than 10-12 mmol/L over 24 hours.The V2-receptor antagonists allow to treat SIADH with lower dosage beginning,and the water resistance should not be too strict.

Key words: hyponatremia, electrolyte disturbances

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