Abstract: Odontogenic cysts of the jaws are a group of lesions arising from tissues involved in odontogenesis，usually containing fluid or semisolid material in the cavity with epithelial lining. The cyst becomes increasingly larger due to a combination of osmotic pressure，release of growth factors and mural growth，leading to expansion of jaws，mobility and migration of teeth，deformity of the face and occlusion dysfunction. The marsupialization/decompression for odontogenic cystic lesions is a simple and effective conservative treatment. Postoperative drainage of the cyst fluid is maintained with various devices，which is necessary for successful treatment. Cyst plugs or obturators are often used for large cysts after operation，while different types of tubes are used when performing decompression for smaller cysts. Adjacent anatomic structures will be preserved in most cases when the cysts are significantly reduced and enucleaded at the secondary stage after marsupialization/decompression and complications are decreased，and marsupialization can occasionally be performed as a definite treatment. We described the mechanism of marsupialization/decompression in treating odontogenic cysts of the jaws，as well as the design and the clinical application of various drainage devices.

Key words: odontogenic cyst, marsupialization, decompression, drainage devices

摘要： 颌骨牙源性囊肿是一组来源于与牙发生相关组织的病变，上皮衬里的囊腔包含液体或半流体。由于囊腔内的压力、骨吸收因子释放及上皮增生引起囊肿不断增大，导致颌骨膨隆、牙松动移位，面部畸形及咬合功能障碍。牙源性囊肿的袋形术/减压术是一种简单易行而有效的保守性治疗方法。成功的治疗需要术后采用不同引流装置保持囊肿引流。较大的囊肿常在术后配戴囊肿塞或阻塞器，而较小的病变则通过减压管保守引流。大多数病例是在袋形术/减压术后囊肿缩小时二期行囊肿刮除术，可减少邻近结构的损伤或手术并发症，仅少数病例中袋形术作为惟一的治疗方式。文章简要介绍了袋形术/减压术的相关治疗机制以及多种引流装置的设计与临床应用。

关键词: 牙源性囊肿, 袋形术, 减压术, 引流装置