中国实用口腔科杂志

中国实用口腔科杂志

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2013—2017年武汉市1953例口腔颌面部肿瘤、囊肿与瘤样病变构成比分析

宁宝山1，耿金欢2   

  1. 1. 武汉市东西湖区人民医院口腔科，湖北  武汉 430040；2. 华中科技大学同济医学院附属协和医院口腔医学中心， 湖北  武汉  430022
  • 出版日期:2021-05-30 发布日期:2021-06-03

  • Online:2021-05-30 Published:2021-06-03

摘要： 目的　分析2013—2017年武汉市口腔颌面部肿瘤、囊肿与瘤样病变发病情况，从而为临床诊断与治疗提供重要参考依据。方法　研究资料来源于2013—2017年武汉市2所医院收治的住院病例，经病理检查诊断为口腔颌面部肿瘤、囊肿或瘤样病变1953例，分别按性别、年龄、发病部位进行划分并分析结果。结果       1953例患者中口腔颌面部良性肿瘤占51.87%、恶性肿瘤占19.05%、囊肿占23.30%、瘤样病变占5.78%。口腔颌面部肿瘤患者的男女构成比（分别为49.02%和50.98%）基本无差异，其中以涎腺肿瘤居高（41.44%），且肿瘤多为良性（73.14%）。口腔颌面部囊肿男性构成比（54.73%）高于女性（45.27%），其中以颌骨囊肿居高（41.54%）。口腔颌面部瘤样病变女性构成比（57.53%）高于男性（42.47%），其中以牙龈瘤居高（69.91%）。年龄分布上总体在20 ~ <30岁年龄段构成比居高（18.64%），≥70岁构成比较低（3.02%）。病变部位以口腔部位（26.83%）为主，其中口腔颌面部肿瘤、瘤样病变均多发于口腔，而囊肿多发于涎腺。结论    武汉市口腔颌面部肿瘤、囊肿与瘤样病变以肿瘤最为常见，且以良性为主，不同性别间囊肿与瘤样病变存在差异性，口腔作为好发部位，临床应密切关注，及时采取防治措施以控制疾病发生。

关键词: 口腔颌面部肿瘤, 囊肿, 瘤样病变, 构成比

Abstract: Objective    To analyze the incidences of oral and maxillofacial tumors，cysts，and tumor-like lesions in Wuhan from 2013 to 2017，so as to provide important reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods    The data were collected from the hospitalized cases in two hospital in Wuhan from 2013 to 2017；1953 cases of oral and maxillofacial tumors，cysts，or tumor-like lesions were diagnosed by pathological examination，and they were divided according to gender，age，and location of the disease；the results were analyzed. Results    Among 1953 patients，51.87% were benign tumors，19.05% were malignant tumors，23.30% were cysts，and 5.78% were tumor-like lesions. There was no difference in the proportion ratio of male and female patients with oral and maxillofacial tumors（49.02% and 50.98%，respectively）. Salivary gland tumors were the most common（41.44%），and most of them were benign（73.14%）. The proportion ratio of male patients with oral and maxillofacial cysts （54.73%）was higher than that of female patients（45.27%），and the proportion ratio of jaw cysts was the highest（41.54%）. The proportion ratio of female patients with oral and maxillofacial tumor-like lesions （57.53%）was higher than that of male patients（42.47%），and the proportion ratio of epulis was the highest （69.91%）. In general，the proportion ratio of patients aged 20 to < 30 was the highest（18.64%），while the proportion ratio of patients aged over 70 was the lowest（3.02%）. Most of the lesions were located in the oral cavity（26.83%），of which oral and maxillofacial tumors and tumor-like lesions were mostly located in the oral cavity，while cysts were mostly located in the salivary gland. Conclusion    Among oral and maxillofacial tumors，cysts and tumor like lesions in Wuhan，tumors are most common，and most of them are benign；there are differences in cysts and tumorous lesions between genders；as a predisposing site，oral cavity should be paid close attention to，and timely prevention and treatment measures should be taken to control the occurrence of diseases.

Key words: oral and maxillofacial tumors, cyst, tumor-like lesions, proportion ratio