国内将早产（preterm birth，PTB）定义为妊娠达到28周而不足37周分娩者。目前，既往流产史或者早产史以及妊娠中期子宫颈长度（cervical length，CL）≤25 mm用于预测早产已获得多个指南推荐。近年来，生化分子标志物如胎儿纤维连接蛋白、磷酸化胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白1、胎盘α微球蛋白1、炎症因子、子宫颈角和子宫颈硬度预测早产受到研究者的关注，文章阐述现有的早产预测方法及其应用价值，以期为临床提供参考。

In China，preterm birth （PTB） is defined as delivery with gestational age reaching 28 weeks but less than 37 weeks. Currently，several guidelines have recommended that a history of miscarriage or preterm birth and the cervical length（CL）of a second trimester ≤25 mm be used to predict preterm birth. In recent years，the biochemical molecular markers such as fetal fibronectin，phosphorylated insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1，placental alpha micro-globulin 1，inflammatory cytokines，cervical angle and cervical hardness used to predict preterm birth have gained attention of the researchers.This article will review the existing methods of preterm prediction and its application value，so as to provide reference for clinical practice.