Abstract: Pediatric acute liver failure（PALF）is a severe and rapidly progressive clinical syndrome，which could induce multiple organ failure and even death.Given the complex cause and varied clinical presentation of PALF，it is hard to diagnose.It would be better to confirm the etiology based on clinical examination and history；early multidisciplinary treatment and prompt control of complications should be performed to improve the prognosis.

Key words: pediatric acute liver failure, hepatic encephalopathy, artificial liver

摘要： 儿童急性肝衰竭（pediatric acute liver failure，PALF）是一种严重且进展快速的临床综合征，可引起多器官功能衰竭及死亡。导致PALF的病因复杂且诊断困难，临床表现多样，因此临床需结合患儿病史、查体，尽量明确病因，及早开展多学科综合治疗干预，积极控制并发症，改善患儿预后。

关键词: 儿童急性肝衰竭, 肝性脑病, 人工肝