Abstract: Objective　To investigate pediatricians’ vaccine knowledge and the influencing factors，and to provide suggestions for improving pediatricians’ levels of vaccine knowledge. Methods　Pediatricians at seven training sites in Hangzhou，Changchun，Xi’an，Chongqing，Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region，Shenzhen and Haikou were selected for the study. Questionnaires about vaccine-related knowledge and vaccination services were given to them from November to December 2020. The scores on vaccine-related test questions and the influencing factors were analyzed by univariate linear regression and multiple linear regression. Results　The pass rate of overall vaccine test questions among the 289 pediatricians interviewed was only 28%. Categories with higher pass rate than that of overall knowledge included vaccine characteristics（62.3%） and vaccine policy（46.0%）. Categories with lower pass rate than that of overall knowledge included disease burden（27.0%），vaccine selection（21.8%），vaccination population（20.4%），vaccine use（12.8%），and vaccine price（19.4%）. Male，youth，middle and old age，and bachelor’s degree or below were negatively associated with mean scores on vaccine knowledge. Conclusion　The general lack of vaccine knowledge and incomplete understanding of vaccines among pediatricians are common. It is urgent to strengthen specific medical knowledge such as disease burden and vaccine use and to update vaccine knowledge and concepts in a timely manner. Male，young，middle and old age pediatricians and pediatricians with bachelor’s degree or below groups relatively lack of vaccine knowledge. It suggests that more attention should be paid to those groups.

Key words: pediatrician, vaccine, knowledge

摘要： 目的　通过儿科医师的疫苗知识储备调查和影响因素分析，为提高儿科医师的疫苗知识水平提供参考依据。方法　选择杭州、长春、西安、重庆、京津冀、深圳、海口7个培训点的儿科医师为研究对象，于2020年11～12月对其进行关于疫苗相关知识和接种服务的问卷调查。利用单因素和多元线性回归分析疫苗知识得分及其影响因素。 结果　受访的289名儿科医师的疫苗知识及格率仅为28%。高于所有知识及格率的类别包括疫苗特点（62.3%）和疫苗政策（46.0%），低于所有知识及格率的类别包括疾病负担（27.0%）、疫苗选择（21.8%）、接种人群（20.4%）、疫苗使用（12.8%）、疫苗价格（19.4%）。男性、青年、中老年、大专及以下学历与疫苗知识平均得分呈负相关。结论　儿科医师的疫苗知识水平普遍较低，亟需提高；对疫苗了解不全面，亟需加强疾病负担、疫苗使用等群医学知识，及时更新疫苗知识和理念。男性、青年、中老年、大专及以下学历的儿科医师疫苗知识水平相对更低，应予以重点关注。

关键词: 儿科医师, 疫苗, 知识