Abstract:

Abstract：Objective To explore the prevalence of diarrhea among infants in Shanghai and to analyze the risk and protective factors of diarrhea. Methods A multicenter， population-based cohort study was carried out in 12 communities in Minhang district in Shanghai from July 2011 to April 2013. A total of 6661 infants with first visit at the community hospitals from July 2011 to April 2012 were enrolled in the study. Birth history， feeding modes， sociodemographic characteristics and diarrhea morbidity were collected every 3 months from 0 to 12 months in these infants. Results Among the 6661 infants， 1.3% had diarrhea within 0～3 months， 3.0% within 4～6 months， 3.9% within 7～9 months， and 4.4% within 10～12 months. The incidence rate among these infants with diarrhea was 0.13 episodes per person-year. Family income， feeding types， caregivers， level of maternal education and original residence area were associated with diarrhea. Conclusion The incidence rate of diarrhea among infants in Shanghai has been decreased these years. Family income， feeding types， caregivers， level of maternal education and original residence area are considered to be predictors of diarrhea.

Key words: infants, diarrhea, incidence rate, risk factor

摘要：

目的 探讨上海社区婴儿腹泻的发生情况以及影响腹泻的相关因素。方法 收集2011年7月至2012年 4月于上海闵行区12个社区首次参加体检的婴儿6661例， 采用多中心、 前瞻性研究的方法， 通过为期1年的随访调查， 统计12月内婴儿的腹泻情况及出生史、 喂养史、 家庭情况和营养状况等。结果 6661例婴儿中男性3523例， 女性3138例。0～3月龄腹泻发生率为1.3%， 4～6月龄为3.0%， 7～9月龄为3.9%，10～12月龄为4.4%。12月龄内人均腹泻次数为0.13次。家庭收入、喂养方式、抚养方式、母亲文化程度及户籍等是婴儿腹泻的影响因素。结论 上海婴儿腹泻发生率较过去有所下降。影响婴儿腹泻的主要因素为家庭收入、喂养方式、抚养方式、母亲文化程度及户籍等。

关键词: 婴儿, 腹泻, 发生率, 危险因素