Abstract: Oxygen therapy is a routine and essential treatment for patients with hypoxemia caused by various causes. It refers to the treatment of using oxygen at a concentration higher than that in the atmosphere. Hypoxemia may occur in childhood in a variety of respiratory and non-respiratory diseases. Oxygen therapy has been used in pediatrics for more than 100 years. Timely，rapid，effective and reasonable oxygen therapy is an important means to improve the quality of life and prognosis of critical pediatric patients with chronic respiratory diseases. In this paper，the application indications of oxygen therapy in pediatric common respiratory diseases and the selection of treatment methods are described in detail. Home oxygen therapy is one of the important means to treat hypoxemia caused by chronic respiratory disease . It is effective，easy to use，safe and economical. However，in the process of its use，a clear treatment plan should be formulated to avoid the harm of hyperoxygen and standardize the target oxygen intake.

Key words: oxygen therapy；pediatrics；respiratory diseases；arterial , oxygen , saturation；home oxygen therapy

摘要： 氧气治疗（oxygen therapy）简称氧疗，是各种原因引起的低氧血症患者必不可少的治疗，是指利用高于大气中浓度的氧气进行给氧治疗的方法，儿童时期各种呼吸系统和非呼吸系统疾病中均可能存在低氧血症。儿科氧疗历史已有100余年，及时、快速、有效、合理的氧疗是儿科危重症急救及改善慢性呼吸道疾病患儿生活质量及预后的重要手段。该文阐述了儿科常见呼吸系统疾病氧疗应用指征及氧疗方式的选择。其中家庭氧疗是治疗慢性呼吸系统疾病低氧血症的重要手段之一，其疗效确切，使用方便、安全、经济，但在使用过程中需要制定明确的治疗方案，规避高氧危害，规范目标吸氧。

关键词: 氧气治疗, 儿科, 呼吸系统疾病, 动脉血氧饱和度, 家庭氧疗