中国实用儿科杂志

中国实用儿科杂志

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输血的短期和长期并发症

  

  1. 上海交通大学附属儿童医院重症医学科，上海　 200062
  • 出版日期:2020-12-06 发布日期:2021-01-14

Short and long term complications of blood transfusion

  1. Department of Critical Care Medicine，Shanghai Children’s Hospital，Shanghai Jiao Tong University，Shanghai  200062，China
  • Online:2020-12-06 Published:2021-01-14

摘要： 输血是危重症患者常用的治疗手段，约15%的住院病人在住院期间接受血液制品治疗。但输血存在风险，包括急性输血反应和延迟输血反应。常见输血不良反应包括畏寒寒战、发热、皮疹、心动过速、呼吸急促和烦躁不安等，其中严重输血不良反应如急性溶血、过敏性休克等约占1%。输血过程中应仔细观察是否出现任何不适症状和体征。建立全国性的血液预警系统，可使输血导致的不良反应发生率降低。

关键词: 输血, 输血不良反应, 并发症

Abstract: Blood transfusion is the most common therapeutic procedure performed in hospitalized patients，and some 15% of inpatients receive blood products during their stay. However， there are certain risks in blood transfusion，including acute blood transfusion reaction and delayed blood transfusion reaction，whose symptoms include chills，fever，rash，tachycardia，shortness of breath and restlessness. Approximately 1% of transfused products result in serious adverse reactions，including hemolytic transfusion reactions，anaphylactic shock and so on. During blood transfusion，patients should be carefully observed for any signs and symptoms of discomfort. Establishing a national blood warning system can reduce the incidence of adverse reactions caused by blood transfusion.

Key words: blood transfusion, adverse reactions related to transfusion, complication