关键词: 直肠癌, 新辅助放疗, 吻合口漏

Abstract: The correlation and prevention between neoadjuvant radiotherapy and anastomotic leakage in rectal cancer              FAN Lin, LIAO Xin-hua. Department of General Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710061, China
Corresponding author: FAN Lin,E-mail：linnet@mail.xjtu.edu.cn
Abstract    With the application of total mesorectal excision（TME）and laparoscopic technique，the operation of rectal cancer is becoming more and more standardized and has made great progress.At the same time，the prognosis of rectal cancer is significantly improved.In China，the proportion of patients with advanced rectal cancer is high.With the comprehensive treatment widely used，especially preoperative neoadjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy，it can effectively reduce the tumor stage.Preoperative neoadjuvant therapy can create opportunities for the operation，improve anus-preserving rate， reduce the local recurrence rate effectively，and improve the quality of life of patients.But at the same time of anus preservation，anastomotic leakage after presacral anastomosis is still one of the common serious complications，which can cause serious consequences and even lead to death.It is still controversial that the incidence of postoperative anastomotic leakage is increased by neoadjuvant radiotherapy.The change of tissue after radiotherapy，different radiotherapy strategies and methods to prevent anastomotic leakage are all related to it.Anastomotic leakage is the result of many factors，and preoperative radiotherapy is only one of the risk factors. It makes the prevention of anastomotic leakage need to not only choose the appropriate radiotherapy and operation time interval，but also pay more attention from the preoperative，intraoperative and postoperative aspects of fine management and individualized treatment.Only in this way can we effectively reduce the occurrence and consequences of anastomotic leakage.

Key words: rectal cancer, neoadjuvant radiotherapy, anastomotic leakage