中国实用内科杂志

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急性中毒与血液净化治疗

胡大勇彭艾   

  1. 作者单位:上海市第十人民医院肾病免疫科,上海 200072
  • 出版日期:2014-11-01 发布日期:2014-11-06
  • 通讯作者: 彭艾
  • 作者简介:彭艾,主任医师、教授、博士生导师,同济大学附属第十人民医院肾病免疫科主任,美国德克萨斯大学西南医学中心访问教授。兼任中华医学会风湿病学分会委员,中国医师协会老年医学专业委员会委员,上海市肾脏病质控委员,上海市医学会免疫分会风湿免疫专业委员,上海市医师协会肾脏内科医师分会委员。承担863基金1项、国家自然科学基金4项。

Extracorporal blood purification for acute poisoning

HU Da-yongPENG Ai.   

  1. Department of Nephrology,Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital,Tongji University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200072,China
  • Online:2014-11-01 Published:2014-11-06

摘要:

由于中毒物质种类繁多,中毒患者反应个体差异大,大多缺乏特效的解毒药物,急性中毒的病死率高。如何规范救治急性中毒患者是现代医学的难题。毋庸置疑体外血液净化技术在抢救各类急性中毒患者中有重要的临床价值。血液灌流、透析、滤过和血浆置换技术是清除体内毒物的有效方法,临床上已广泛用于需要迅速清除毒物的危重患者。伴随血液净化技术和生命支持系统的改进,这些技术已开始应用于有潜在生命威胁的急性中毒患者。然而,为确定血液净化技术对特定毒物的有效清除和疗效,高质量的临床试验是必须的。

关键词: 急性中毒, 血液净化技术

Abstract:

Abstract:The treatment of acute poisoning has always been a challenge in modern medicine,because there are so many types of poisonous materials and the poisoning individual varies;and the detoxification drugs with special effects are lacking.Extracorporal blood purification has an established role in the treatment of various intoxications.Hemoperfusion,hemodialysis,hemofiltration and plasmapheresis are effective methods for removal of toxin from the body and usually applied in selected cases of diagnosed severe forms as the options of fast elimination of the intoxicating agent.With the improvement of blood purification techniques and new life supporting systems,their clinical applications are rapidly increasing in number and scope.These methods have been applied whenever certain potentially lethal intoxications are diagnosed and/or suspected,even without evidence of life impediment at the time of institution of therapy.However,the large and high quality controlled trials are needed to prove the clear elimination of each type of intoxication by extracorporal blood purification techniques.

Key words: acute poisoning, blood purification

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