中国实用口腔科杂志

中国实用口腔科杂志

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根分叉病变发生、发展与治疗研究进展

孟    洋1，2，王万春1，栾庆先2   

  1. 1. 青岛市口腔医院，山东  青岛  266001；2. 北京大学口腔医院牙周科，北京  100081
  • 出版日期:2016-04-15 发布日期:2016-05-10
  • 基金资助:

    国家卫生和计划生育委员会科技教育司国家重点项目（201002017）

  • Online:2016-04-15 Published:2016-05-10

摘要：

根分叉病变是牙周炎病变波及多根牙根分叉区，导致根分叉处的牙周附着丧失和牙槽骨破坏。由于多根牙根分叉区解剖结构复杂，彻底清创难度较大，一旦伴有根分叉病变，病情进展较单根牙更快且附着丧失更明显。因此，伴有根分叉病变牙齿的失牙率也更高。根据根分叉病变的严重程度，临床医生可以选用相应的治疗方法，牙周非手术治疗是最基本的治疗，其他治疗手段包括牙周手术治疗（根据根分叉病变程度选择不同的术式）、牙周-牙体联合治疗、牙周-正畸联合治疗等，各种治疗方法的预后不尽相同。文章就根分叉病变的发生、发展、临床诊断、治疗及预后等相关问题做一综述。

关键词: 根分叉病变, 附着丧失, 失牙率, 远期疗效

Abstract:

Furcation involvement is a complication of periodontal disease，affecting the base of the root trunk of a tooth where two or more roots meet（bifurcation or trifurcation）with the characteristics of bone loss and attachment loss. Faster disease progression，more attachment loss and higher mortality have been reported and poorer response to periodontal therapy has been found in multi-rooted teeth with furcation involvement compared with mono-rooted teeth owing to the complexity of furcation anatomy and the difficulty of debridement of the furcation area . The treatment methods of the teeth with furcation involvement include periodontal initial therapy，periodontal surgery，endodontic-periodontal combined therapy and orthodontic-periodontal combined therapy，and the prognosis of every choice varies depending on the severity and attributing factors of furcation involvement. This paper will review the disease progression，mortality，treatment selection and prognosis of the teeth with furcation involvement.

Key words: furcation involvement, attachment loss, mortality of teeth, long-term effect