myoma of uterus is the most common tumor of the female genitalia systems. Surgery is the principal method to treat myoma ，transvaginal therapy include transvaginal hysterectomy and transvaginal myomectomy. To compare with abdominal and laparoscopic operations，transvaginal operations have advantage and limitations. Sufficient evaluation and make correct choice about operation，it is the necessary avoid injury conditions to avoid injurg and ensure medical treatment safe.