Effective and safe uterine contractions are the core driving force of childbirth，and the limitations of traditional assessment methods of uterine contractions have restricted the precise management of labor progress and uterine contractility. Non-invasive uterine electromyography （uEMG） technology can non-invasively reflect the onset，propagation direction，and intensity distribution of uterine contractions by capturing the electrical activity characteristics of uterine smooth muscle in real time. It can automatically extract parameters such as uterine contraction frequency，duration，and synchrony，thereby realizing the quantification of uterine contraction monitoring. The development of non-invasive uEMG technology is further elaborated based on the basic physiology of uterine bioelectrical activity. It has demonstrated the clinical application value of refined assessment in aspects such as the objective monitoring and abnormal diagnosis of uterine contractility during labor，the accurate prediction of preterm birth，and the individualized decision-making of delivery timing in high-risk pregnancies，providing a new perspective for the clinical intervention of uterine contractility. In the future，it is necessary to further promote the standardization and AI intelligence of the technology，and facilitate its integration with multi-modal information such as fetal heart rate monitoring，so as to construct an intelligent safe labor management system and achieve safe childbirth.