Hysterectomy is the most basic and common operation for the treatment of gynecological benign diseases，among which vaginal hysterectomy is the earliest operation，and the best path of hysterectomy has been widely discussed. This paper briefly describes the historical development of vaginal hysterectomy，summarizes the advantages and re-evaluation and surgical indications and expansion of vaginal hysterectomy，and the key points of specific surgical techniques in order to better master the technique，and analyzes and discusses the common complications of vaginal hysterectomy and the prevention and treatment measures. Vaginal hysterectomy has its safety and feasibility in the treatment of gynecological benign diseases. However，more training is needed in the basic training of specific surgical techniques of vaginal surgery so that more gynecologists can master this minimally invasive technique.