Abstract: Neonatal asphyxia is a common acute and severe disease during vaginal delivery and is also a significant cause of adverse outcomes for newborns. We should thoroughly evaluate the maternal and fetal conditions during the perinatal period，clarify the high-risk factors，closely observe the progress of labor，correctly interpret CTG，and give necessary obstetric intervention in time in order to reduce the occurrence of neonatal asphyxia，reduce the neonatal ICU rate，and improve maternal and infant outcomes.

Key words: vaginal delivery, neonatal asphyxia, Apgar score, labor process

摘要： 新生儿窒息是阴道分娩过程中常见的急危重症，也是引起新生儿不良结局的重要原因。应在围产期对母体及胎儿情况进行充分评估，明确高危因素，严密观察产程进展，正确判读胎心监护图形，及时给予必要的产科干预，从而降低新生儿窒息的发生率，降低新生儿重症监护病房住院率，改善母儿结局。

关键词: 阴道分娩, 新生儿窒息, Apgar评分, 产程