Abstract: At present，birth defects have become a public health problem which affects the quality of population and the health level of the population. It is one of the main causes of neonatal disability，disease and even death，which seriously affects the development of social civilization and population quality. Perinatal pregnancy health care can reduce birth defects.

Key words: birth defects, perinatal pregnancy, prevention, carrier screening

摘要： 出生缺陷目前已成为影响人口素质和群体健康水平的公共卫生问题，是引起新生儿残疾、疾病甚至死亡的主要原因之一，严重影响了社会文明和人口素质的发展。开展围孕期保健可降低出生缺陷发生率。

关键词: 出生缺陷, 围孕期, 预防, 携带者筛查