卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿（简称卵巢内异囊肿）是子宫内膜异位症的最常见类型，腹腔镜下卵巢内异囊肿剥除被公认为是标准的手术治疗方式。对于术后卵巢内异囊肿复发的患者，再次手术并非首选。反复手术有可能对卵巢组织造成进一步的损伤，甚至使其功能丧失。因此，对于复发的卵巢内异囊肿患者治疗应慎重，综合考虑患者年龄、疾病严重程度及生育要求，可供选择的方法包括药物治疗、超声引导下囊肿穿刺或联合囊肿内药物灌注以及保守性手术/子宫+附件切除手术。要在遵循初治原则的基础之上，体现个体化与规范治疗。

Abstract:Endometrioma is the most common type of endometriosis.Laparoscopic excision of cyst is generally accepted as the standard surgical treatment methord.But for those recurrent patients，re-operation is not the first choice.Repeated surgery is likely to cause the further damage to ovarian tissue，and may even cause permanent loss of ovarian function.Medical treatment，ultrasound-guided aspiration or combined with sclerotherapy，as well as conservative/radical surgery should be consider as an alternative treatment option according to age of the patients，severity of the disease and fertility requirements.In a word，on the basis of the principle of initial treatment，individualized treatment and standardized operation are recommended.