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减少会阴切开的循证医学评价
Evidence-based evaluation of reducing the episiotomy.
会阴切开术（episiotomy）即阴道分娩第二产程中于会阴部用外科切口的方式以扩大产道出口的操作。其引进缺乏一定的循证医学证据。越来越多的证据显示该手术与产妇会阴部损伤、盆底功能障碍、产后性功能障碍、感染、疼痛、出血等密切相关，而对新生儿结局无明显改善作用。该文综合国内外多项研究，从循证医学的角度论述了会阴切开的相关问题，帮助读者建立减少会阴切开的理念。
Abstract:Episiotomy is defined as operations expanding export birth canal in the second stage of vaginal delivery with a surgical incision in the perineum. Its introduction is lack of enough evidence. Nowadays more and more evidence show that the operation is associated with maternal perineal injury, pelvic floor dysfunction, postpartum sexual dysfunction, infection, pain, bleeding and so on. And lots of studies show that episiotomy is of no help to the outcome of the newborns. A number of comprehensive studies of the domestic and foreign researches are included in this article to discuss the unnecessary episiotomy from the angle of evidence-based medicine, which will help readers build reducing- episiotomy concept.
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（2014-10-10收稿）
国家临床重点专科建设项目［国卫办医函2013（544）］；江苏省优生优育公共服务平台网络建设项目（BM 2013058）
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