子宫颈机能不全是一种妊娠期常见的并发症，患者极易发生晚期流产或自发性早产。文章通过分析国内外相关研究，系统性地阐述了子宫颈机能不全的可能病因，为子宫颈机能不全的预防及诊治提供理论依据。

Cervical incompetence is a common pregnancy complication which is related to late miscarriage and spontaneous preterm birth. By analyzing the relevant studies in China and overseas，we systematically expound the potential pathogenesis of cervical incompetence and provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of cervical insufficiency.