关键词: 婴儿, 早产, 细菌定植, 院内感染

Abstract: AbstractObjectiveTo analyze the condition of bacterial colonization and risk factors of the colonized bacteria on premature infants in NICU.MethodsBacterial surveillance was done on every premature infant enrolled in our study from May 2002 to April 2003.Nasopharyngeal and rectal swab culture was done immediately at hospital admission and then once a week.The clinical data,such as the kind of antibiotic used,the condition of colonized bacteria,were collected and analyzed by SPSS software.ResultsAmong 183 strains of bacteria isolated from 11 cases at the admission,52 cases after hospitalization,62.8% were Gramnegative organisms.The risk factors for colonization were gestational age,birth weight,length of hospitalization,mechanical ventilation,parenteral nutrition and length of antibiotic therapy.The most susceptible antibiotic for the Gramnegative organisms obtained from our study was meropenem,but it was also easy to cause the colonization of coagulase negative staphylococcus(MRScoN).Gramnegative organisms was the main pathogens of sepsis and the fastigium was in one week of colonization.ConclusionWe suggest that bacterial surveillance culture should be taken for premature infants in NICU.It is most important to prevent the colonization by restricting the use of antibiotic,shortening the length of hospital stay and reducing the use of parenteral nutrition.

Key words: Nosocomial infection , Premature, Bacterial colonization