中国实用口腔科杂志

中国实用口腔科杂志

• 口腔健康流行病学调查专栏 • 上一篇    下一篇

辽宁省35～74岁人群恒牙冠龋及牙龈疾病状况抽样调查报告（2015—2016年）

张凯强1，程睿波2，李健1，路振富1   

  1. 1.中国医科大学口腔医学院·附属口腔医院口腔预防教研室，辽宁  沈阳  110002；2.复旦大学附属口腔医院口腔正畸科，上海  200001
  • 出版日期:2018-09-15 发布日期:2018-12-27
  • 基金资助:

    国家卫计委科教司 2015 年度公益性行业科研专项项目（201502002）

  • Online:2018-09-15 Published:2018-12-27

摘要：

目的　了解辽宁省35～74岁人群恒牙冠龋及牙龈疾病状况，为辽宁省口腔健康保健工作及相关研究提供数据支持。方法　抽取辽宁省35～44岁、55～64岁、65～74岁常住居民共计431人，按照第四次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方案中临床牙列检查方法和标准，使用CPI探针检查全口恒牙冠龋及牙龈情况，计算恒牙冠龋患病率、龋均、牙龈出血率、牙石检出率，并比较存在的差异等。结果　辽宁省35～44岁、55～64岁、65～74岁人群恒牙冠龋患病率分别为72.7%、76.4%、76.4%，其中仅35～44岁年龄组城乡差异具有统计学意义（P < 0.05）；龋均分别为3.36、3.40、3.90，各年龄组城市均低于农村，差异具有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。牙龈出血检出率分别为77.6%、78.5%、68.1%，牙石检出率分别为91.6%、93.1%、88.2%，下颌前牙是牙石分布最为集中部位。结论　辽宁省中老年人群恒牙冠龋患病率、牙龈出血率及牙石检出率均较高，基础预防及治疗手段欠缺，有待进一步完善。

关键词: 恒牙冠龋, 牙石检出率, 牙龈出血率

Abstract:

 Objective　To investigate the current status of caries on permanent teeth in a population of 35-74-year old in Liaoning Province，thus to provide scientific basis for the establishment of oral health care policies in Liaoning. Methods　An equal-sized stratified multi-stage random sampling design was applied to obtain representative sample groups consisting of 431 Liaoning residents each，aged 35 to 44，55 to 64 and 65 to 74 years old. The caries on the crowns and periodontal diseases of permanent teeth were assessed according to “the Guideline for the 4th National Oral Health Survey”；thereafter the prevalence of permanent teeth and the detectable rate of gingival bleeding and calculus were calculatedan and the difference was compared. Results　In these three groups ，the prevalence of crown caries was 72.7%，76.4% and 76.4%，and among them，only the urban-rural difference was statistically significant in the 35-44-year old group. The mean numbers of teeth affected by caries were 3.36，3.40 and 3.90，all groups being lower in cities than in rural areas，and the difference was statistically significant.The detection rate of gingival bleeding was 77.6%，78.5% and 68.1%，respectively，while the detection rate of calculus was 91.6%，93.1% and 88.2%，respectively.The mandibular anterior teeth were the most concentrated parts of the calculus. Conclusion　This survey shows that oral diseases ，especially dental caries and periodontal disease，are frequent and common in Liaoning province.Moreover，the treatment rate is very low，and primary pervention and treatment options are therefore urgently needed in this population.

Key words: permanent tooth and crown caries, detection rate of calculus, detection rate of gingival blecding