阿尔茨海默病的发病存在性别差异，其机制复杂。绝经激素治疗对认知的影响尚不确定。从整体健康效益而言，绝经女性窗口期应用激素治疗的受益远大于风险，没有理由仅因未确定的风险而否定绝经激素治疗。

The pathogenesis of gender differences in Alzheimer's disease is complicated.The impact of menopausal hormone therapy on cognition is uncertain.In terms of overall health benefits，the benefits of hormone therapy initiated in the therapeutic window for menopausal women far outweigh the risks，and there is no reason for denying menopausal hormone therapy because of undetermined risks.